A Step-by-Step Guide to Assembling Your Own Holiday Wreath with Foraged Materials

reating your own holiday wreath is a delightful way to bring the spirit of the season into your home. Using foraged materials not only adds a personal touch but also connects you with the natural beauty of your surroundings. In Lynchburg, Virginia, the months of November and December offer a variety of options for gathering materials that can elevate your wreath-making experience.

Gather Your Materials
To start, you’ll want to gather your materials. Venture outdoors, perhaps on a brisk afternoon, to explore local parks, gardens, or even your own backyard. Look for evergreen branches, such as pine, cedar, or fir, which can serve as the base for your wreath. These hardy evergreens retain their color and scent throughout the winter months, creating a lush foundation. You can also find holly branches, with their bright red berries adding a festive pop of color. Additionally, consider foraging for other elements like magnolia leaves or even twigs and dried grasses that can provide texture and interest to your design.

Prepare Your Workspace
Once you’ve gathered your materials, the next step is to prepare your workspace. Choose a flat surface where you can comfortably work. Lay out your foraged items so that you can easily see and select what you’d like to use. If you have a wire frame, this can be an excellent base for your wreath. However, if you prefer a more natural look, you can simply bind your materials together with floral wire or twine. Make sure to have scissors or pruning shears on hand for cutting branches to your desired length.

Build the Base
Starting with your evergreen branches, create a circular shape by overlapping the stems. Begin at the top of your frame and work your way around, securing each layer with floral wire or twine. This overlapping technique not only provides stability but also creates a fuller appearance. As you build the wreath, take a moment to step back and assess the overall look. Adjust the placement of the branches to achieve a balanced and harmonious design.

Add Decorative Elements
Once the base is established, it’s time to add your decorative elements. Integrating holly branches adds visual interest and contrast. Carefully position these among the evergreen, ensuring they are evenly distributed for a cohesive appearance. If you’ve gathered other materials like pinecones or dried citrus slices, these can also be added at this stage. For a rustic feel, you might even consider incorporating bits of burlap or ribbon. Layering these elements will enhance the wreath’s texture and depth, making it a truly unique creation.

After you’ve arranged all the materials to your liking, secure any loose elements with additional floral wire or hot glue. This step is crucial, especially if you plan to hang your wreath on a door where it may be subjected to movement from wind or visitors. Take the time to ensure everything is firmly attached, so your creation will withstand the holiday season.

Display and Enjoy
Once your wreath is complete, think about how you would like to display it. A simple nail can work wonders for hanging but consider using a decorative hook or a ribbon that complements the colors in your wreath for a more polished look. The choice of a hanging method can add another layer of personalization to your project. A door wreath greets guests and family, creating a warm and inviting atmosphere.

As you admire your handiwork, consider the natural and seasonal beauty reflected in your creation. This wreath is more than a decorative item; it’s a celebration of the local landscape and a reminder of the connections we share with nature. Using foraged materials not only enriches your wreath but also fosters a deeper appreciation for your surroundings and the beauty that can be found even in the winter months.

In the spirit of the holidays, think about how this wreath can be a symbol of gratitude. Each element you’ve collected holds a story, whether it’s the quiet strength of an evergreen or the vibrant cheer of holly berries. This connection can serve as a reminder of the importance of community and nature in our lives. As you hang your wreath, reflect on the joy of creating something unique and meaningful, fostering a sense of mindfulness during a busy season.

Ultimately, assembling your own holiday wreath using foraged materials allows for creativity, sustainability, and a personal touch that store-bought decorations can rarely match. This process not only provides a satisfying activity but also cultivates a deeper connection with the world around you. The resulting wreath becomes a testament to the beauty of nature in its raw form, offering warmth and cheer to your home during the holiday season. Embrace the experience of crafting, and let your wreath serve as a cherished reminder of the joys found in both nature and creativity.

What to Look For

Look for these materials to complete your wreath

• Evergreen Branches: Look for pine, cedar, and fir. These varieties are abundant and provide a lush base for your wreath.
• Holly: The glossy leaves and bright red berries of holly add a festive touch and are easily found in wooded areas.
• Magnolia Leaves: These large, leathery leaves provide an elegant texture and can be foraged from local magnolia trees.
• Pinecones: Collect fallen pinecones from the ground. They add a rustic element and can be used whole or broken apart for embellishment.
• Dried Grasses: Look for ornamental grasses or other dried varieties. They can add height and interest to your design.
• Berries: In addition to holly, you may find other berry-producing plants like winterberry, juniper, or sumac, which can add vibrant color.
• Twigs and Branches: Thin twigs can be used to create a natural frame or added for texture. Birch twigs, with their stunning white and black texture, would be particularly beautiful.
• Dried Citrus Slices: While not foraged, if you have leftover citrus fruits, drying slices of oranges or lemons can add a beautiful pop of color and fragrance.

As we enter into the fall season, the natural world undergoes a remarkable transformation. This shift presents a wonderful opportunity for wildlife watching, as various species prepare for the winter months. By creating an inviting environment in your garden, you can attract and observe a diverse array of local wildlife, making your outdoor space a sanctuary for nature’s wonders.

Understanding Local Wildlife

Lynchburg’s diverse ecosystems provide a habitat for a range of wildlife. As the fall season sets in, many birds, mammals, and insects begin to exhibit different behaviors in preparation for the winter ahead. You might encounter migratory birds like the American robin and the dark-eyed junco, which return to the area in search of food and shelter. Additionally, deer become more active as they forage for sustenance to build their fat reserves, while squirrels and chipmunks gather nuts and seeds to stash away for colder months. Understanding these behaviors is key to enhancing your wildlife-watching experience.

Planting Native Flora

One of the most effective ways to attract wildlife to your garden is by planting native flora. Native plants are well-adapted to the local climate and soil conditions, providing essential food and habitat for various species. Consider incorporating flowering plants that bloom in late summer and fall, such as goldenrod and asters. These flowers not only add beauty to your garden but also attract pollinators like bees and butterflies, which are still active in early fall.

Additionally, consider planting shrubs that produce berries, such as serviceberry or elderberry. These provide crucial food sources for birds as they prepare for migration. By creating a diverse landscape with native plants, you can offer a welcoming environment for local wildlife while supporting the ecosystem.

Providing Food Sources

As the weather cools, wildlife will be on the lookout for reliable food sources. To attract birds and small mammals, consider setting up feeders filled with seeds, nuts, and suet. A platform feeder is an excellent choice for accommodating a variety of birds, including cardinals, chickadees, and finches. Ensure that your feeders are clean and well-stocked, especially during migration periods, as many species rely on these resources to fuel their journeys.

For ground-dwelling animals, leaving some areas of your garden undisturbed can provide natural food sources. Allow fallen leaves and native plants to remain; they can attract insects and provide shelter for small mammals. Additionally, consider creating a small compost pile, which not only recycles kitchen scraps but can also attract earthworms and other critters that serve as food for local wildlife.

Water Sources and Shelter

Water is essential for wildlife, especially during the dry fall months. Installing a birdbath or a small pond can create a reliable water source. Ensure the birdbath is shallow with gentle slopes, making it accessible for various species. Change the water regularly to keep it clean and inviting.

In addition to food and water, providing shelter is vital for attracting wildlife. Create cozy hiding spots by incorporating brush piles, native shrubs, and grasses into your landscape. These structures offer cover for small mammals, birds, and insects, giving them a safe haven from predators and harsh weather. If you have space, consider adding a small log cabin or bat house to support local species and encourage biodiversity in your garden.

Observing Wildlife

Once you’ve established an inviting environment for wildlife, the next step is to enjoy the experience of observing them. Set up a comfortable spot in your garden where you can sit quietly, perhaps with a chair or a blanket. Early mornings and late afternoons are ideal times for wildlife watching, as many animals are most active during these hours.

To enhance your observation experience, consider keeping a journal or a sketchbook to record your sightings. Noting the different species you encounter, their behaviors, and the time of day can deepen your appreciation for the local ecosystem. A pair of binoculars can be invaluable for getting a closer look at birds and other wildlife without disturbing them.

Engaging the Community

Wildlife watching can also be a community activity. Join local nature groups or attend wildlife observation events in the Lynchburg area to connect with others who share your interest. Many organizations offer guided walks or workshops that can enhance your understanding of local species and their habitats. Participating in community science projects can also contribute to broader conservation efforts and promote awareness of local wildlife.

Respecting Wildlife

While observing and attracting wildlife can be incredibly rewarding, it’s essential to approach this activity with respect for the creatures you’re observing. Maintain a safe distance to avoid causing stress or disruption to their natural behaviors. Refrain from feeding wildlife human food, as it can be harmful to their health and alter their natural foraging instincts.

In addition, be mindful of your garden practices. Avoid using pesticides and chemicals that can negatively impact local wildlife. Instead, consider organic gardening methods to maintain a healthy ecosystem that supports both plants and animals.

As fall settles in Lynchburg, transforming your garden into a welcoming habitat for local wildlife can enhance your outdoor experience and deepen your connection with nature. By planting native flora, providing food and water sources, creating shelter, and observing respectfully, you can attract a diverse range of species to your backyard. Not only will this enrich your own life, but it will also contribute to the preservation of the local ecosystem, fostering a thriving environment for future generations of wildlife watchers. So grab your binoculars, settle into your garden, and enjoy the beauty of fall wildlife in your own backyard.

As the crisp autumn air settles in, our gardens transition into a season of harvest and preparation. While we bid farewell to the summer heat, October offers a fresh wave of opportunities for both indoor and outdoor gardening. Let’s dive into your essential October checklist to ensure a flourishing garden through the cooler months.

Indoors

1. Bring in Houseplants: If you haven’t already, relocate any houseplants that enjoyed their summer vacation outdoors. Inspect them closely for pests before bringing them inside, and give them a thorough rinse to remove any hitchhikers.
2. Storage Preparation: Now is the time to organize your storage vegetables. Clean, cure, and store potatoes, onions, and winter squash in a cool, dark place. Consider preserving any excess by canning, freezing, or drying—perfect for enjoying those garden-fresh flavors all winter long!
3. Plant Indoors: If you’re keen on a little green during the colder months, consider starting an indoor herb garden. Basil, parsley, and chives thrive on a sunny windowsill, bringing freshness to your kitchen year-round.

Outdoors

1. Harvest Time: October is the month for a bounty of harvests! Pick pumpkins, squash, and late-season crops like carrots and beets before the first frost hits. Handle them gently to avoid bruising, which can lead to quicker spoilage.
2. Continue Planting: There’s still time to sow a variety of cold-hardy crops. Plant garlic and shallots for a spring harvest, and continue to seed leafy greens such as kale, spinach, and arugula. These can provide delicious salads even into the winter months.
3. Garden Cleanup: Clear away spent plants and any debris that might harbor pests or diseases. Compost the healthy material, but discard any infected plants to prevent issues in the next growing season.
4. Mulching and Soil Care: Apply a thick layer of mulch to your garden beds to protect the soil over winter. Adding organic matter, such as compost or shredded leaves, will improve soil structure and provide nutrients for next spring’s growth.
5. Plan for Next Year: Take some time to reflect on this year’s garden. Note what worked well and what didn’t. This is a great opportunity to start planning for next year’s crops and garden layout.
6. Protect Perennials: For perennial plants, consider adding a layer of mulch around their base to insulate the roots against freezing temperatures. If you have tender perennials, such as certain types of hydrangeas, now is the time to cover them or move them to a sheltered location.

By following this October checklist, you’ll ensure your Zone 7a garden is well-prepared for the colder months while still enjoying the beauty and bounty of fall. Happy gardening, and here’s to a fruitful harvest season!

Everything you need for a successful growing season

As the summer garden season comes to a close, we are looking back at a truly unique growing season. The sweltering heat and sun presented quite a challenge for gardeners this season, with even the most reliable crops struggling to keep up (did anyone else miss their yearly bumper crop of tomatoes?). Never to be deterred, we are rolling our sleeves up and looking forward to what we hope to be a productive fall garden. If you’re planning to plant cold-hardy crops, follow along with this month’s checklist.

Don’t miss our August garden checklist if you need to play a bit of catch up.

Indoors

If you have any houseplants that have been summering outside, now is the time to bring them indoors. Give them a blast of water to remove any pests who may have made the plant their home before bringing them indoors, and continue to inspect them for a few weeks to ensure they’re all clear.

If you grew any storage vegetables (potatoes, carrots, onions, winter squash), September is a great time to organize your storage space. Use this time to preserve the excess by canning, freezing, or drying your produce. This not only reduces waste but also allows you to enjoy garden-fresh flavors year-round.

Outdoors

There is still plenty to be done outdoors—and we’ll happily enjoy the beautiful weather while we work.

Leaf lettuce, Swiss chard, spinach, parsnips, peas, Brussels sprouts, kale, broccoli, and radishes can all be planted in September for a fall harvest. You can continue harvesting second plantings of these cool season vegetables, and some even benefit from enhanced flavor after frost.

Dig up potatoes and sweet potatoes and cure them for storage while the weather is still warm.

By following this August garden checklist, you’ll keep your Zone 7A garden thriving through the hottest part of the year. Stay diligent with watering, pest control, and planning for future planting to enjoy a productive and beautiful garden all season long.

Harvest pumpkins, squashes, and gourds before the first frost, taking care to not knick the rind in the process, as that will speed up deterioration.

Fall is also a great time to take care of your beds and improve your garden soil if you’re not planting a fall garden. Mulch over your beds for the winter or add soil amendments such as manure, compost, and leaves (of which we will have an abundance soon!). Wood ashes are also great sources of phosphorus, potassium, and calcium and can be a great addition to your soil.

The Art of Native Plant Gardens

By: Lindsey Cline-Shrader

In garden design, native plants aren’t only chosen for their adaptability and ecological benefits; a growing trend embraces the beauty of native plant gardens. Native plants are celebrated for their striking aesthetic potential and following fundamental design principles helps maximize their beauty. From pairing plants for color and texture to mastering scale and color theory, designing with nature has never been more rewarding.

Scale

Scale refers to the size of elements in the overall space. In large suburban or rural yards, mature trees, a forest, or built elements like pergolas help fill the space and create a sense of scale that matches the garden’s size. The mistake I often see is making small, colorful perennial beds that demand maintenance but quickly get lost in an ample space. This leaves the gardener, as I’ve frequently felt, overwhelmed. 

Instead, plant in drifts or clusters of the same species to create a strong visual impact and avoid a scattered look. Large swathes of a few plant species unify an expansive landscape. Use natural materials like stone walls or boulders to blend the garden seamlessly with its surroundings. A well-placed fence or hedge can make the scale more manageable and break up the space.

In expansive gardens, open spaces or lawns provide a visual break.
Balance these areas with planted sections to avoid monotony with too much lawn and prevent chaos with too many planting beds.

In smaller urban gardens, compact plants and furnishings make the space harmonious. Here, the key is to use layers of smaller trees, then shrubs and perennials to bring the canopy down to earth and balance the space. For smaller spaces, consider smaller drifts of three to five plants to create interest. 

Creating Visual Hierarchy

Creating a visual hierarchy guides the viewer’s eye through the garden. Each garden area or “room” should have one focal point: a flowering shrub, bright perennials, a garden shed, a fountain, or a hardscape element like a fireplace or fire pit. To add impact, surround the focal point with ground covers and perhaps a dwarf tree. This layering technique adds depth and interest, ensuring no element overwhelms the space.

If hardscapes create the focal point, plantings are vital to softening them and creating harmonious spaces. Plants mitigate the harshness of stone or concrete by adding warmth, texture, and color. Limiting hardscape areas to specific purposes, such as pathways or seating areas, prevents them from overwhelming the garden’s natural beauty. 

Color Pairings

Color theory can help guide a visually stunning garden. Harmonious color schemes, such as monochromatic (different shades of the same color), analogous (colors next to each other on the color wheel), and complementary (colors opposite each other on the color wheel), can enhance your garden’s aesthetic in unique ways.

Monochromatic Color Schemes

For a serene and cohesive look, consider a monochromatic scheme using shades of green or white and green. This style works particularly well in shady spaces and around quiet seating areas. Native ground-covering grasses like Carex (my favorite is Carex vulpinoidea) provide a tranquil backdrop. Layering multiple leaf shapes and sizes over the base grass adds depth and interest while maintaining a soothing space. 

Analogous Color Schemes

Analogous color schemes incorporate colors adjacent to each other on the color wheel. This style brings harmony and unity to the garden, creating a cohesive look that’s perfect for gathering areas, outdoor dining spaces, and often for front or back entrances. The smooth transitions between colors create a sense of comfort and tranquility, making these areas feel welcoming.

Complementary Color Schemes

Complementary color schemes (colors opposite on the color wheel, such as blue and orange) attract attention and create lively, engaging environments. They are perfect for bold entrances, focal points, or larger entertainment spaces.

Warm Color Schemes

Warm colors, such as reds, oranges, and yellows, create a sense of warmth, energy, and vibrancy. These colors evoke excitement: warm colors advance toward the viewer, naturally drawing the eye and making spaces feel dynamic or further enhancing focal points. Warm colors thrive in sunny spots, where the natural light enhances their brightness and intensity.    

Cool Color Schemes

Cool colors, including blues, greens, and purples, evoke calmness, serenity, and a sense of spaciousness. These colors recede from the viewer, making spaces feel extensive and tranquil.

Cool colors perform well in shaded or moist areas, where their subtle tones can create a refreshing feel. Their receding nature can give the illusion of depth and distance, making compact areas feel more expansive.

Plant Textures

Plant textures add depth and contrast, particularly to monochromatic spaces. Fine-textured plants, such as grasses or ferns, bring a delicate, airy quality, ideal for lightness and movement. These can be strategically placed near pathways or seating areas to draw the eye and soften hard edges. Coarse-textured plants, like large-leaved vines or shrubs, provide a dramatic contrast and can serve as striking focal points. By layering and contrasting these textures, you can create a balanced yet dynamic garden.

Designing with native plants allows for a harmonious blend of ecological benefits and aesthetic appeal, creating beautiful and sustainable gardens. You can transform any space into a stunning natural haven by carefully considering scale, visual hierarchy, and color theory. Embrace the art of native plant gardening to enjoy a landscape that thrives with minimal maintenance while offering a captivating visual experience.

Plants and Strategies to Attract Bees, Butterflies, and Other Pollinators

The late summer garden can still be a vibrant hub of activity. For gardeners and nature enthusiasts, this period offers a crucial opportunity to support and attract pollinators like bees, butterflies, and other beneficial insects. These creatures are vital for the health of our ecosystems and the productivity of our gardens. 

The Importance of Pollinators

Pollinators play a pivotal role in the reproduction of many plants, including those that produce fruits, vegetables, and nuts. Bees, butterflies, hummingbirds, and other insects transfer pollen from one flower to another, facilitating the fertilization process. This not only results in the production of seeds and fruits but also maintains biodiversity and the health of ecosystems. However, pollinator populations are declining due to habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change. Creating pollinator-friendly environments can help reverse this trend.

Late Summer Blooms: Key Plants for Pollinators 

To attract and sustain pollinators in late summer, it’s essential to provide a variety of flowering plants that bloom during this period. Here are some top choices: 

1. Echinacea (Coneflower)

   1. Description: Known for their large, daisy-like flowers with a prominent central cone, echinaceas are a favorite among bees and butterflies.
   2. Benefits: These hardy perennials provide nectar and pollen from late summer into early fall, ensuring a food source when other flowers have faded. 

2. Solidago (Goldenrod)

   1. Description: Often unfairly blamed for hay fever, goldenrods are excellent nectar sources for late summer pollinators.
   2. Benefits: They support a wide range of insects, including bees, butterflies, and beetles, with their bright yellow blooms. 

3. Helianthus (Sunflower)

   1. Description: These towering plants with their cheerful yellow flowers are not only beautiful but also highly attractive to a variety of pollinators.
   2. Benefits: Sunflowers provide both nectar and pollen, and their seeds are a bonus food source for birds.

4. Sedum (Stonecrop)

   1. Description: Sedums are succulents with clusters of star-shaped flowers that bloom in late summer.
   2. Benefits: They are particularly attractive to bees and butterflies, offering rich nectar supplies.

5. Joe-Pye Weed (Eutrochium)

   1. Description: With its tall stature and clusters of pinkish-purple flowers, Joe-Pye Weed is a magnet for butterflies.
   2. Benefits: This native perennial provides abundant nectar during late summer, supporting migrating monarchs and other butterflies.

Strategies to Enhance Pollinator Habitats 

Providing the right plants is just the beginning. Implementing effective strategies can further enhance the attractiveness of your garden to pollinators. 

1. Diverse Planting

   1. Approach: Plant a variety of flowers with different shapes, colors, and blooming times.
   2. Impact: This ensures that pollinators have access to food throughout the growing season and attracts a broader range of species. 

2. Native Plants

   1. Approach: Incorporate native plants that have co-evolved with local pollinators.
   2. Impact: Native plants are often more attractive and beneficial to local pollinator species compared to exotic plants. 

3. Pesticide Reduction

   1. Approach: Avoid using pesticides, or opt for organic and pollinator-friendly options. 
   2. Impact: Pesticides can be harmful to pollinators, so reducing their use helps create a safer environment. 

4. Water Sources

   1. Approach: Provide shallow water sources, such as bird baths with stones for landing.
   2. Impact: Pollinators need water for hydration, especially during hot weather. 

5. Habitat Features

   1. Approach: Include features like bee hotels, brush piles, and bare patches of soil.
   2. Impact: These features offer nesting and shelter opportunities for various pollinators. 

By focusing on late summer plants and adopting strategies to create a pollinator-friendly environment, gardeners can play a significant role in supporting these essential creatures. The rewards are not only a more vibrant and productive garden but also the satisfaction of contributing to the health and diversity of our natural world. 

As the vibrant summer days give way to the cooler fall temperatures, gardeners find themselves transitioning from the hustle of planting and harvesting to the quieter tasks of garden maintenance. One crucial, yet often overlooked, aspect of this seasonal shift is the care and storage of garden tools. 

Properly cleaning and storing your tools not only extends their lifespan but also ensures they are ready for use when spring rolls around again. 

The Importance of Tool Maintenance 

Garden tools are the unsung heroes of any successful gardening endeavor. From shovels and pruners to hoes and rakes, these implements bear the brunt of physical labor, battling dirt, moisture, and plant residue. Without proper care, tools can rust, dull, and even break, making gardening tasks more difficult and less efficient. Regular maintenance is not just about preserving tools; it’s about enhancing gardening productivity and ensuring safety.

Step-by-Step Cleaning Guide

Step One: Gather Your Tools

Start by collecting all your garden tools. Lay them out in a well-ventilated space where you can easily access water and cleaning supplies.

Step Two: Remove Dirt and Debris

Use a stiff brush to scrub off soil and plant residue from your tools. For stubborn dirt, soak the tools in a bucket of warm, soapy water for about 10-15 minutes before scrubbing. Pay special attention to crevices and joints where dirt tends to accumulate.

Step Three: Clean with Vinegar Solution

For metal parts showing signs of rust, soak the affected areas in a mixture of white vinegar and water (1:1 ratio) for a few hours. The acetic acid in vinegar helps dissolve rust. After soaking, scrub the rusted areas with a wire brush or steel wool.

Step Four: Disinfect

To prevent the spread of plant diseases, it’s essential to disinfect your tools. Prepare a solution of one part bleach to nine parts water and soak the tools for about 30 minutes. Alternatively, you can use rubbing alcohol or a commercial disinfectant. Rinse thoroughly with water and dry completely. 

Step Five: Sharpen Blades

Sharp tools make for cleaner cuts and more efficient work. Use a sharpening stone, file, or a specialized tool sharpener to hone the edges of pruners, shears, and hoes. Follow the original bevel of the blade, and remember to wear protective gloves to avoid accidents.

Step Six: Oil to Prevent Rust

Once clean and dry, coat the metal parts of your tools with a light layer of oil to prevent rust. Linseed oil works well for wooden handles, keeping them smooth and splinter-free. For metal parts, a light machine oil or a silicone spray provides a protective barrier against moisture.

Storing Your Tools

Proper storage is just as important as cleaning. Here are some tips for storing your garden tools effectively: 

1. Choose the Right Location: Store your tools in a dry, well-ventilated area. A shed, garage, or dedicated tool storage unit is ideal. Avoid damp basements or outdoor spaces where tools can be exposed to the elements.
2. Use Tool Racks and Hooks: Organize tools by hanging them on wall-mounted racks or hooks. This keeps them off the ground, reducing the risk of rust and damage. It also makes it easier to find and access the tools when you need them. 
3. Protect Wooden Handles: Wooden handles can dry out and crack over time. To keep them in good condition, rub them down with linseed oil before storing. This adds a protective layer and helps maintain the wood’s integrity.
4. Keep Small Tools Together: Use a toolbox or a bucket to store smaller hand tools like trowels, hand forks, and pruners. Adding a layer of sand mixed with oil at the bottom of the bucket can help keep the tools clean and rust-free. 
5. Label and Inventory: Consider labeling your tools or taking an inventory. This helps you keep track of what you have, reducing the chances of misplacing tools and making it easier to identify if something needs replacing or repairing.

The Long-Term Benefits 

Investing time in proper tool maintenance pays off in the long run. Well-maintained tools perform better, making your gardening tasks smoother and more enjoyable. They are also safer to use, reducing the risk of accidents caused by blunt or broken tools. Moreover, taking care of your tools is an environmentally friendly practice, reducing the need for frequent replacements and minimizing waste. 

We survived the crushing heat of June and early July and, thankfully, were greeted with some welcomed rain—and our gardens are soaking it all in. If you’re anything like us, you may have noticed some late bloomers—squash taking longer to come in, tomatoes ripening slower—but with the steady rain we’ve received over the last few weeks gardens are finally coming in in abundance!

Don’t miss our July garden checklist if you need to play a bit of catch up.

Indoors

August is prep month for a fall garden, if you’re planting one. Start seeds indoors for brussel sprouts, broccoli, and other Brassicas. This is also a great time to order onion, shallot, or garlic bulbs so they’re ready to be planted in the next month. You can also research and order your spring flower bulbs at this time.

August continues to bring a bountiful harvest of fruits and vegetables. Use this time to preserve the excess by canning, freezing, or drying your produce. This not only reduces waste but also allows you to enjoy garden-fresh flavors year-round.

Outdoors

Peas can be directly sown in mid-to-late August for your fall garden. One thing to note, however, is that your pea harvest will be about half as productive as your summer harvest—so you may want to plant more than you planted in the summer to make up for the deficit. 

Spinach, swiss chard, beets, carrots, lettuce, kale, and radishes can all also be directly sown in August for your fall garden. You can succession plant spinach, kale, and lettuce for a continuous harvest—even up to two weeks before the first frost of the season.

If you’ve grown raspberries, prune your raspberry canes after your last berry harvest to ensure a healthy return next year. Prune the old flowering canes and leave only three to four young canes per foot.

Harvest squash regularly to keep the plants producing, and harvest cantaloupes once the stem separates from the fruit with only a gentle touch. Keep deadheading your flowers.

Keep your lawn healthy by mowing it regularly, but avoid cutting it too short. Grass that is cut too short can become stressed and more susceptible to heat and drought. Water your lawn deeply and less frequently to promote deep root growth.

By following this August garden checklist, you’ll keep your Zone 7A garden thriving through the hottest part of the year. Stay diligent with watering, pest control, and planning for future planting to enjoy a productive and beautiful garden all season long.

July is a pivotal month for gardeners in Zone 7A, a time when summer is in full swing and the garden requires both maintenance and preparation for future seasons. Here’s a comprehensive checklist to ensure your garden remains healthy and productive through the heat of July.

Don’t miss our June garden checklist if you need to play a bit of catch up.

Indoors

As the summer peaks, it’s a great time to start planning your fall garden. Review seed catalogs and order seeds for fall crops such as broccoli, kale, and carrots. Planning ahead ensures you have everything ready when the planting season arrives.

July often brings a bountiful harvest of fruits and vegetables. Use this time to preserve the excess by canning, freezing, or drying your produce. This not only reduces waste but also allows you to enjoy garden-fresh flavors year-round.

The hot and humid weather can stress houseplants. Ensure they are not exposed to direct sunlight, as it can scorch their leaves. Increase humidity around your plants by misting them regularly or placing a tray of water nearby. Check for pests and treat them promptly to prevent infestations.

Outdoors

Consistent watering is crucial in July. Water deeply and early in the morning to reduce evaporation and prevent fungal diseases. Consider using soaker hoses or drip irrigation systems to deliver water directly to the roots and conserve water.

Refresh mulch around your plants to help retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature. Organic mulches like straw, wood chips, or grass clippings break down over time and improve soil quality.

Inspect your garden regularly for pests such as aphids, spider mites, and caterpillars. Use organic pesticides or natural predators to manage pest populations. Encourage beneficial insects like ladybugs and lacewings to keep harmful insects in check.

Keep on top of weeds to prevent them from competing with your plants for nutrients and water. Regular weeding sessions will make this task more manageable and prevent weeds from going to seed and spreading further.

Many summer vegetables like tomatoes, cucumbers, and beans will be at their peak in July. Harvest them regularly to encourage continued production. Overripe vegetables can attract pests and reduce overall yields.

July is an excellent time to plant late summer crops such as beans, cucumbers, and summer squash. These fast-growing vegetables can provide a second harvest before the cooler weather sets in. Additionally, start seeds indoors for fall crops like broccoli, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts.

Keep your lawn healthy by mowing it regularly, but avoid cutting it too short. Grass that is cut too short can become stressed and more susceptible to heat and drought. Water your lawn deeply and less frequently to promote deep root growth.

Prune summer-flowering shrubs after they have finished blooming to encourage healthy growth and more blooms next year. Remove any dead or diseased branches to maintain the plant’s overall health.

By following this July garden checklist, you’ll keep your Zone 7A garden thriving through the hottest part of the year. Stay diligent with watering, pest control, and planning for future planting to enjoy a productive and beautiful garden all season long.

Conservation Landscaping Best Practices

By: Lindsey Cline-Shrader

Conservation landscaping blends aesthetic appeal and ecological responsibility. It creates spaces that are not only visually stunning but also conserve resources and create havens for wildlife. The key to enchanting, low-maintenance gardens are also conservation landscaping best practices, such as dense planting, no-till gardening, and plug planting.

Dense Planting

The benefits of dense planting are manifold. Dense planting minimizes the space available for weeds to grow, a needed “win” in Virginia summers. A dense network of root systems enhances the soil’s ability to absorb water, reducing erosion and runoff, improving soil structure, and promoting deep infiltration. 

Dense plantings can increase the number and variety of plants, supporting a range of pollinators and beneficial insects and reducing the distance they must fly for nectar. Furthermore, dense planting provides shade and reduces temperature fluctuations in the soil. It also allows plants to signal to one another about threats from insects or diseases, creating a stable environment for growth and more successful plants. 

Dense planting may bring English cottage gardens to mind, but it can be adapted to various styles. Try a single ground cover grass species between forbs (herbaceous flowering plants) in modern gardens, or a mix of plant textures for added interest in shade gardens, or overlapping plant blocks for simplicity and artistry in Arts and Crafts style gardens.

No-Till Gardening

Another conservation landscaping practice, no-till gardening, preserves soil structure and the life within it. Traditional tilling disrupts soil microorganisms, depletes organic matter, and leads to erosion. No-till gardening maintains the natural soil structure, allowing deeper water infiltration and root growth. Undisturbed soil holds more water over time, helping plants withstand drought.

No-till also protects the habitat of beneficial soil organisms, such as earthworms and mycorrhizal fungi, which recycle soil nutrients. 

When creating new beds, use sheet mulching or cover crops. Sheet mulching involves layering organic materials (like compost, topsoil, or mulch) to suppress weeds and build fertility. The “lasagna” method uses cardboard to smother turfgrass, followed by topdressing with organic materials. Studies show cardboard slightly reduces carbon and oxygen in the soil, but those levels rebound in less than a year.

My favorite method for creating new garden beds is to mow the grass as low as possible and then compost in place by layering grass clippings and leaves in two-inch-thick layers. This builds soil and smothers most turfgrasses within several weeks. 

I recommend steering clear of solarization with plastic and landscape fabric. Solarization with plastic tarps generates microplastics and pollutes soil. Landscape fabric hampers the exchange of air and water in the soil, reducing soil health and decreasing plant vitality. Most weed seeds are wind-dispersed, allowing them to germinate on top of fabric, rendering it useless. Fabric can strangle trees and shrubs and typically becomes trash after several years.

Plug Planting

Plug planting establishes gardens efficiently, particularly perennials and native plant species. Plugs are small, young plants typically grown in deep but narrow containers—allowing strong root growth with minimal height. Plugs require smaller planting holes, minimizing soil disruption and root damage. 

Young plants adapt quickly to their environment, establishing roots more rapidly than larger, more mature plants. Plug planting allows for precise placement, enabling the intricate patterns recommended for dense plantings. Plugs often cost less than larger plants, allowing you to cover larger areas with less investment. 

Plugs are planted directly into the ground like larger plants, though a narrow spade creates less disturbance and awakens fewer weed seeds, encouraging a smoother first-year garden.

Additional Conservation Efforts

Efficient water management is essential in conservation landscaping. Although our area has an abundant water table, capturing water during rainy spells can protect our water supply during summer droughts. 

Adding rain barrels to downspouts not only provides extra water in hot, dry summers but may reduce overflow into city storm water drains. Rain gardens, beautiful spaces in their own right, reduce erosion and pollution by capturing and filtering water runoff. These gardens slowly absorb rainwater, promote groundwater recharge, and create unique micro-habitats in damp to wet soil. 

One final touch in conservation landscaping are accessories that provide food, water, and shelter to turn your garden into a habitat haven. Bird feeders, birdbaths, nesting boxes, berry-producing shrubs, and small water features support wildlife. Brush piles, logs, and dead trees provide shelter, breeding sites for reptiles and amphibians, and food sources for birds like woodpeckers. 

By implementing these practices in our own landscapes, we can support biodiversity, conserve resources, and enhance beauty. We have a role in nature, and our collective efforts can make a significant difference. 

Top 5 Native Plants for Rain Gardens

1. Swamp Milkweed (Asclepias incarnata) attracts monarchs and other pollinators with clusters of pink to mauve flowers. 

• Full sun to partial shade and wet to moderate soils

2. Joe-Pye Weed
(Eutrochium purpureum) attracts pollinators and adapts to clay soils with large cluster or pink to purplish flowers.

• Full sun to partial shade and moist to wet soils

3. The Lobelias:
Cardinal Flower
(Lobelia cardinalis) & Great Blue Lobelia (Lobelia siphilitica) attract hummingbirds and butterflies to their vibrant red and blue tubular flowers on tall spikes.

• Full sun to partial
shade and consistently moist soils

4. New York Ironweed (Vernonia noveboracensis) provides height to borders and late-season nectar for bees and butterflies with vibrant fuchsia flowers.

• Full sun to partial
shade and moist,
well-drained soils

5. Blue Flag Iris
(Iris versicolor) provides showy blue-purple
iris flowers among
sword-like leaves.

• Full sun to partial shade and wet, boggy soils