When the Game Stops Being Fun
Understanding problem gambling—and where to find help in Central Virginia
For many people, gambling is simply another form of entertainment—a lottery ticket picked up at the grocery store, a friendly sports wager among friends, or a night at a casino while traveling. But for some, what begins as recreation can quietly evolve into something much more complicated.
March is Problem Gambling Awareness Month, a national initiative designed to shed light on an issue that often unfolds behind closed doors. According to Mikayla Campbell, a prevention specialist with Horizon Behavioral Health, understanding the difference between recreational gambling and problem gambling—and recognizing the warning signs—can help individuals and families seek support before the situation escalates.
When gambling crosses the line
At its core, gambling simply means wagering something of value on an event with an uncertain outcome. For many people, this activity remains harmless. Recreational gambling occurs when individuals can participate within their limits and stop whenever they choose without experiencing negative consequences.
Problem gambling, however, is different.
“Problem gambling is gambling behavior that is harmful to a person or their family,” Campbell explained. “It often disrupts quality of life and damages personal relationships, health, and career.”
In more severe cases, it can develop into a clinically diagnosable gambling disorder, a condition marked by persistent and recurrent gambling behavior that feels difficult or impossible to control—even when the consequences are clearly harmful.
One of the challenges with gambling-related issues is that they often begin innocently.
“It’s important to understand that anyone who gambles can be at risk for developing a gambling problem,” Campbell said. “It often starts as recreational gambling.”
A widespread but often hidden issue
Nationally, the scale of the issue may surprise many people. An estimated 2.5 million adults in the United States meet the clinical criteria for gambling disorder, while another 5 to 8 million experience mild to moderate gambling problems that still affect their lives in meaningful ways.
Yet experts believe the real numbers are likely higher.
“There is still a persistent stigma and misunderstanding around problem gambling,” Campbell said. “Many adults either don’t feel comfortable reaching out or don’t even realize they have a problem they can get support with.”
Young people may be particularly vulnerable. Research suggests that youth are two to four times more likely than adults to struggle with problem gambling behaviors, especially when they encounter gambling-related activities early in life.
Closer to home, Central Virginia has also seen signs of concern. According to the 2024 Annual Report from the Virginia Council on Problem Gambling, more than 3,800 calls to the Virginia Problem Gambling Helplineoriginated from the Central Virginia region last year—the highest share of calls from any region in the state.
Warning signs to watch for
Because gambling disorder is often called a “hidden addiction,” the warning signs can sometimes go unnoticed.
Campbell says people should pay attention to behaviors such as:
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Constant thoughts about gambling, including reliving past bets or planning the next one
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Feeling the need to gamble with increasing amounts of money or frequency
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Becoming restless or irritable when trying to cut back or stop
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Borrowing money, taking loans, or selling possessions to fund gambling
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Trying to recover losses by gambling more, a pattern known as “chasing losses”
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Repeated attempts to quit despite negative consequences
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Gambling as a way to escape stress or emotional distress
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Hiding or lying about gambling habits or losses
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Feeling shame, guilt, or hopelessness related to gambling
While any single behavior may not indicate a serious problem, patterns that persist over time can signal that gambling is beginning to take a toll.
Who is most at risk?
Although anyone who gambles could develop a problem, certain groups face higher risk.
Youth and young adults are particularly vulnerable. Exposure to gambling early in life can have lasting effects: children who encounter gambling before age 12 are four times more likely to develop gambling problems later on.
Other higher-risk groups include adults between 18 and 24, older adults over 50, individuals with existing mental health or substance use challenges, and those with a family history of addiction.
Interestingly, early success can also play a role.
“Having a big win early in one’s gambling experience can increase risk,” Campbell said, because it may create unrealistic expectations about future outcomes.
Technology has changed the game
Over the past decade, technology has dramatically reshaped how people interact with gambling.
Mobile apps and online platforms now allow people to place bets anytime and almost anywhere—often without others around them realizing it.
“Someone could be gambling while at work, at the dinner table, or standing in line at the store, and the people around them may have no idea,” Campbell said.
Technology has also expanded the range of available activities. In addition to traditional gambling like casinos and lottery tickets, people now engage in sports betting, fantasy sports, online lotteries, and prediction markets.
Even video games have entered the conversation. Many popular games now incorporate gambling-like features such as loot boxes, social casinos, or simulated betting, exposing young players to similar reward mechanics at an early age.
“This early exposure can normalize gambling behaviors and reduce a young person’s sense of risk,” Campbell noted.
Practicing safer gambling
It’s important to remember that most people who gamble do not develop serious problems. Still, experts recommend approaching gambling thoughtfully—treating it strictly as entertainment rather than a way to earn money.
Campbell suggests a few guidelines for safer gambling:
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Understand the odds and the “house edge” before placing bets
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Treat gambling as entertainment, similar to going to a movie or out with friends
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Never borrow money or gamble with funds needed for essential expenses
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Expect losses and avoid trying to win money back
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Set limits on both time and money before gambling
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Use tools such as spending limits, alarms, or accountability with friends or family
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Avoid gambling when emotionally distressed or under the influence of substances
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Take breaks if gambling stops feeling enjoyable
Finding help and support
For individuals who feel their gambling may be getting out of control, help is available—and reaching out can be the first step toward regaining balance.
Several resources serve Central Virginia residents:
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1-800-GAMBLER (also available via text or online chat) connects callers to peer support specialists and treatment providers.
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Horizon Behavioral Health provides education and resources at horizonbh.org/gambling.
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Gamblers Anonymous and Celebrate Recovery offer peer-support meetings both locally and virtually.
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The Virginia Lottery Voluntary Exclusion Program allows individuals to restrict themselves from legal gambling in the state.
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The EVIVE app, sponsored by the Commonwealth of Virginia, offers confidential tools, community support, and educational resources.
For Campbell, the goal of Problem Gambling Awareness Month is simple: encourage open conversations and remind people that support exists.
“Problem gambling can affect anyone,” she said. “But with awareness, education, and the right resources, people can find help and begin to regain control.”







